Saab pushes the benefits of E85

Saab pushes the benefits of E85
Photos by -Autonet.ca
Staff
Published: 06 01 2006

To assuage critics who think power and ecology are mutually exclusive, Saab presents the 9-5 Aero BioPower Concept.

Running on bio-ethanol (E85), a renewable and sustainable fuel, the 2.3-litre turbocharged 4-cylinder engine of the 9-5 Aero BioPower Concept delivers almost 20 percent more power and 25 percent more torque than its gasoline equivalent — respectively, 310 horsepower vs. 260 and 325 lbs.ft. vs. 258. That's expected to make it nearly a full second quicker to 100 km/h than the gasoline fed car.

And then there is the dramatic improvement in environmental performance, through reduced emissions of fossil CO2 (carbon dioxide).

Saab actually began selling a 9-5 2.0t BioPower in Sweden in 2005. Its engine produces 180 hp (compared to its gasoline equivalent's 150) when running on E85, became the best selling 9-5 in the domestic market and earned Popular Science's Best of What's New award (an annual selection of 100 breakthrough new products and technologies).

Now BioPower technology is being applied for the first time to Saab 9-5's top-of-the-line Aero model, showcasing the potential of developing a version for the North American market.

Ethanol fuel is produced commercially from agricultural crops or forest residues and is already produced in North America, mostly in the mid-west and usually from corn.

Unlike gasoline, E85 consumption does not raise atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, mostly because the levels from tailpipe emissions are balanced by natural consumption through photosynthesis as crops for conversion are grown. To ensure good cold starting performance, ethanol is blended with gasoline in an 85/15 mix (ethanol/gasoline) and hence the name E85.

E85 also has a much higher octane rating (104 RON) than even premium gasoline, allowing the engine's ignition timing to be advanced for more power without risk of harmful "knock".

The only hardware modifications needed for BioPower are more durable valves and valve seats and the use of ethanol-compatible materials in the fuel system, including the tank, pump, lines and connectors.

Saab's Trionic system monitors fuel quality after every fill-up and automatically makes adjustments necessary for running on E85 and/or gasoline in any combination. That means Saab BioPower drivers can also use gasoline, should E85 not be available.

During the development of BioPower, Swedish engineers studied the Brazilian market, where 100-percent ethanol, produced from sugar cane, is the dominant fuel on the market.

Saab found turbocharged engines particularly well-suited to exploiting the benefits of ethanol, allowing the possibility of introducing higher compression ratios for optimum power and efficiency, while also encouraging powertrain downsizing.

"We are delighted to be taking a lead in the development of BioPower, which expresses many of the traditional values of the Saab brand," said Jan-Åke Jonsson, Saab Automobile's managing director. "We are convinced alcohol fuels like ethanol can provide an effective short- to mid-term solution in our search for sustainable alternatives to fossil-based fuels for road transport.

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